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Jacobs, S.–E., Thomas, W., & Lang, S. (Eds.) (1997). Two–spirit people: Native American gender identity, sexuality, and spirituality. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. Contents: Is the “North American berdache”merely a phantom in the imagination of Western social scientists? / Sue–Ellen Jacobs —The Northern Athapaskan “berdache”reconsidered: on reading more than there is in the ethnographic record / Jean–Guy A. Goulet —Cross–dressing and shamanism among selected Western North American tribes / Arnold R. Pilling —Various kinds of two–spirit people: gender variance and homosexuality in Native American communities / Sabine Lang —Traditions of gender diversity and sexualities: a female–to–male transgendered perspective / Jason Cromwell —Changing Native American rolesin an urban context and changing Native American sex roles in an urban context / Beatrice Medicine (Standing Rock Lakota) —Navajo cultural constructions of gen- der and sexuality / Wesley Thomas (Navajo) —A Navajo worldview and Nádleehí: implications for Western categories / Carolyn Epple —M. Dragonfly: two–spirit and the Tafoya Principle of Uncertainty / Terry Tafoya (Taos/Warm Springs) —I am a Lakota womyn / Beverly Little Thunder (Standing Rock Lakota) —Tradi- tional influences on a contemporary gay–identified Sisseton Dakota / Michael Red Earth (Sisseton Dakota) —A postcolonial colonial perspective on Western [mis]conceptions of the cosmos and the restoration of in- digenous taxonomies / Anguksuar [Richard LaFortune](Yupík) —Navajo warrior women: an ancient tradi- tion in a modern world / Carrie H. House (Navajo/Oneida) —I ask you to listen to who I am / Doyle V. Robertson (Sisseton/Wahpeton Dakota) —A “berdache”by any other name—is a brother, friend, lover, spouse: reflections on a Mescalero Apache singer of ceremonies / Claire R. Farrer —Gender statuses, gender features, and gender/sex categories: new perspectives on an old paradigm / Lee M. Kochems and Sue–Ellen Jacobs —On the incommensurability of gender categories / Alice B. Kehoe —You anthropologists make sure you get your words right / Clyde M. Hall (Lemhi Shoshoni) —The dilemmas of desire: from “berdache”to two–spirit / Gilbert Herdt —Native American genders and sexualities: beyond anthropological models and misrepresentations / Evelyn Blackwood —Dealing with homophobia in everyday life.
Jacobs, Sue–Ellen (1968) Berdache: A Brief Review of the Literature. Colorado Anthropologist, 1, 25–40.
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Lang, S. (1990). Männer als Frauen, Frauen als Männer: Geschlechtsrollenwechsel bei den Indianern Nordamerikas. Hamburg: Wayasbah. Translated as Lang, Sabine (1998). Men as women, women as men: changing gender in Native American cultures. Austin: University of Texas Press. Contents: Preface. Part One: Introduction, Background, and Definitions —1: Introduction —2: Early Sources: Missionaries and Traders, Physicians and Ethnologists —3: Twentieth–Century Research —4: Gender Identity, Gender Role, and Gender Status. Part Two: Gender Role Change by Males —5: Cross–Dressing and Mixed Gender Roles —6: Cross–Dressing and the Feminine Gender Role —7: Feminine Activities Without Cross–Dressing —8: The Imitation of “Femininity”and Intersexuality —9: Women–Men as “Shamans,”Medicine Persons, and Healers —10: Other Specialized Occupations of Women–Men—11: Partner Relationships and Sexuality—12: Entrance into the Status of Woman–Man —13: Women–Men in Native American Cultures: Ideology and Reality. Part Three: Gender Role Change by Females —14: Cross–Dressing and Mixed Gender Roles —15: Men–Women in Masculine Occupations —16: Status, Relationships, and Entrance Rituals of Men–Women —17: Warrior Women and Manly–Hearted Women. Part Four: The Cultural Context of Gender Role Change —18: Attitudes Toward Women–Men and Men–Women —19: Gender Role Change and Homosexuality —20: Gender Role Change in Native American Oral Traditions—21: Conclusion.
Lang, Sabine (1996). There is More Than Just Women and Men: Gender Variance in North American Indian Culture. In Sabina Ramet (Ed.). Gender Reversals and Gender Cultures: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives. New York: Routledge, pp. 183–196.
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