a) Native Americans

Bender, M. (2005). Glimpses of local masculinities: learning from interviews with Kiowa, Comanche, Apache and Chickasaw men. Southern anthropologist, 31(1/2), 1–17.

Flood, Michael; Judith Kegan Gardiner, Bob Pease & Keith Pringle (Eds.) (2007). International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities. Routledge [entries include: “Indigenous and First Nation Masculinities”]

Fulton, Robert, & Steven W. Anderson (1992). The Amerindian “Man–Woman”: Gender, Liminality, and Cultural Continuity. Current Anthropology, 33(5), 603–610.

Gilmore, P. (2001). The genuine article: race, mass culture, and American literary manhood. New Americanists. Durham [N.C.]: Duke University Press.

Goulet, J.–G. A. (1996). The ‘berdache’/’Two–Spirit’: A comparison of anthropological and native constructions of gendered identities among the Northern Athapaskans. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 2(4), 683–701.

Irwin, David (2005). “Assimilating Native American Masculinity: The Impact of the Woodcraft Movement on American Boys”. Thesis, MiddleburyCollege.

Jackson, Ronald L., and Murali Balaji. (2011). (eds.). Global Masculinities and Manhood. University of Illinois Press. (got copy)
6. War, Masculinity, and Native Americans / Kathleen Glenister Roberts.

Jacobs, S.–E., Thomas, W., & Lang, S. (Eds.) (1997). Two–spirit people: Native American gender identity, sexuality, and spirituality. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. Contents: Is the “North American berdache”merely a phantom in the imagination of Western social scientists? / Sue–Ellen Jacobs —The Northern Athapaskan “berdache”reconsidered: on reading more than there is in the ethnographic record / Jean–Guy A. Goulet —Cross–dressing and shamanism among selected Western North American tribes / Arnold R. Pilling —Various kinds of two–spirit people: gender variance and homosexuality in Native American communities / Sabine Lang —Traditions of gender diversity and sexualities: a female–to–male transgendered perspective / Jason Cromwell —Changing Native American rolesin an urban context and changing Native American sex roles in an urban context / Beatrice Medicine (Standing Rock Lakota) —Navajo cultural constructions of gen-  der and sexuality / Wesley Thomas (Navajo) —A Navajo worldview and Nádleehí: implications for Western  categories / Carolyn Epple —M. Dragonfly: two–spirit and the Tafoya Principle of Uncertainty / Terry Tafoya  (Taos/Warm Springs) —I am a Lakota womyn / Beverly Little Thunder (Standing Rock Lakota) —Tradi-  tional influences on a contemporary gay–identified Sisseton Dakota / Michael Red Earth (Sisseton Dakota)  —A postcolonial colonial perspective on Western [mis]conceptions of the cosmos and the restoration of in-  digenous taxonomies / Anguksuar [Richard LaFortune](Yupík) —Navajo warrior women: an ancient tradi-  tion in a modern world / Carrie H. House (Navajo/Oneida) —I ask you to listen to who I am / Doyle V.  Robertson (Sisseton/Wahpeton Dakota) —A “berdache”by any other name—is a brother, friend, lover,  spouse: reflections on a Mescalero Apache singer of ceremonies / Claire R. Farrer —Gender statuses, gender  features, and gender/sex categories: new perspectives on an old paradigm / Lee M. Kochems and Sue–Ellen  Jacobs —On the incommensurability of gender categories / Alice B. Kehoe —You anthropologists make sure  you get your words right / Clyde M. Hall (Lemhi Shoshoni) —The dilemmas of desire: from “berdache”to  two–spirit / Gilbert Herdt —Native American genders and sexualities: beyond anthropological models and  misrepresentations / Evelyn Blackwood —Dealing with homophobia in everyday life.

Jacobs, Sue–Ellen (1968) Berdache: A Brief Review of the Literature. Colorado Anthropologist, 1, 25–40.

Jocks, Christopher Ronwaniente (1996). Defending their people and their faith: native American men and the construction of masculinity. In Boyd, S. B., Longwood, W. M., & Muesse, M. W. (Eds.). Redeeming men: religion and masculinities. Louisville, Ky: Westminster John Knox Press.

King, C. R. (2006). On being a warrior: race, gender and American Indian imagery in sport. International journal of the history of sport, 23(2), 315–330.

Klopotek, Brian (2001) “I guess your warrior look doesn’t worry every time”: challenging Indian masculinity in the cinema. In Basso, M., McCall, L., & Garceau–Hagen, D. (Eds.). Across the Great Divide: cultures of manhood in the American West. New York: Routledge.

Klotz, K. (2004). “The last days of the suicide kid”: Native American masculinities, and neurotic nation–states.Unpublished M.A., University of Guelph, Canada.

Lang, S. (1990). Männer als Frauen, Frauen als Männer: Geschlechtsrollenwechsel bei den Indianern Nordamerikas. Hamburg: Wayasbah. Translated as Lang, Sabine (1998). Men as women, women as men: changing gender in Native American cultures. Austin: University of Texas Press. Contents: Preface. Part One: Introduction, Background, and Definitions —1: Introduction —2: Early Sources: Missionaries and Traders, Physicians and Ethnologists —3: Twentieth–Century Research —4: Gender Identity, Gender Role, and Gender Status. Part Two: Gender Role Change by Males —5: Cross–Dressing and Mixed Gender Roles —6: Cross–Dressing and the Feminine Gender Role —7: Feminine Activities Without Cross–Dressing —8: The Imitation of “Femininity”and Intersexuality —9: Women–Men as “Shamans,”Medicine Persons, and Healers —10: Other Specialized Occupations of Women–Men—11: Partner Relationships and Sexuality—12: Entrance into the Status of Woman–Man —13: Women–Men in Native American Cultures: Ideology and Reality. Part Three: Gender Role Change by Females —14: Cross–Dressing and Mixed Gender Roles —15: Men–Women in Masculine Occupations —16: Status, Relationships, and Entrance Rituals of Men–Women —17: Warrior Women and Manly–Hearted Women. Part Four: The Cultural Context of Gender Role Change —18: Attitudes Toward Women–Men and Men–Women —19: Gender Role Change and Homosexuality —20: Gender Role Change in Native American Oral Traditions—21: Conclusion.

Lang, Sabine (1996). There is More Than Just Women and Men: Gender Variance in North American Indian Culture. In Sabina Ramet (Ed.). Gender Reversals and Gender Cultures: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives. New York: Routledge, pp. 183–196.

LeBeau, Patrick Russell (1993). The Codical Warrior: The codification of American Indian warrior experience in American culture. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan, United States–Michigan.

Mays, Dorothy A. (2004). Women in Early America: Struggle, Survival, and Freedom in a New World. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Entry: Manly Hearted Women, pp. 243–4.

Muller, K. R. (2003). Cultural costuming: Native Americans, inversion, and the power of an exceptional white masculinity.Unpublished Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, United States.

Nelson, D. D. (1998). National manhood: capitalist citizenship and the imagined fraternity of white men. New Americanists. Durham: Duke University Press.

Rogers, R. A. (2007). Deciphering Kokopelli: Masculinity in Commodified Appropriations of Native American Imagery. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 4(3): 233 - 255.

Rogers, Richard A. (2007a). From Hunting Magic to Shamanism: Interpretations of Native American Rock Art and the Contemporary Crisis in Masculinity. Women’s Studies in Communication, 30(1), 78–110.

Romero, R. T. (2006). “Ranging Foresters”and “Women–Like Men”: Physical Accomplishment, Spiritual Power, and Indian Masculinity in Early–Seventeenth–Century New England. Ethnohistory: the Bulletin of the OhioValley Historic Indian Conference, 53(2), 281–329.

Roscoe, W. (1991). The Zuni man–woman. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.

Roscoe, W. (1998). Changing ones: third and fourth genders in Native North America. New York: St. Martin’s Press. [Contents: Foreword—Randy Burns / “Strange Country This”: An Introduction to North American Gen-  der Diversity / “That Is My Road”: The Life and Times of a Third–Gender Warrior / The One Who Is  Changing: Hastiin Klah and the Navajo Nadleehi Tradition / Warrior Women and Women Chiefs: Alterna-  tive Identities and Genders for Native Women / Two–Spirited People: Gay Americans Today / Gender with-  out Sex: Toward a Theory of Gender Diversity / Dreams of Power: Third and Fourth Genders in Yuman  Culture and History / Close Encounters: A Model of Native Survivance / Narratives of Domination or the  Cant of Conquest? Competing Views of Alternative Genders / Conclusion: The Past and Future of Gender  Diversity / Glossary of Native Terms for Alternative Gender Roles and Sexuality by Language Family / Tribal  Index of Alternative Gender Roles and Sexuality]

Roscoe, Will (1996). “How to Become a Berdache: Toward a Unified Analysis of Gender Diversity.”In Gilbert Herdt (Ed.). Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History. New York: Zone Books, pp. 329–371.

Rushforth, Brett (2003). Native American Manhood. In Carroll, B. E. (Ed.), American masculinities: a historical encyclopedia. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.

Shoemaker, N. (1999). An Alliance between Men: Gender Metaphors in Eighteenth–Century American Indian Diplomacy East of the Mississippi. Ethnohistory, 46(2), 239–263.

Thomas, W., & Jacobs, S.–E. (1999). “—And we are still here”: from berdache to two–spirit people. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 23(2), 91–107.

Trexler, Richard C. (2002). Making the American Berdache: choice or constraint? Journal of Social History, 35(3), 613–636.

Williams, Walter L. (1992). The spirit and the flesh: sexual diversity in American Indian culture.Boston: Beacon Press.

Williams, Walter L. (2003). Native American Masculinities. In Kimmel, Michael & Amy Aronson (Eds.), Men and Masculinities: A social, cultural, and historical encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio Press, pp. 564–5. Other entry by author: Two Spirit People, pp. 798-9.