As readers are no doubt aware, the vast majority of gun violence crimes are committed by boys and men (well over 90 %), yet the vast majority of boys and men are not violent. An unpacking of this seeming paradox requires an analysis of the role of masculinity. I did that in this article:  Levant, R. F. (2022). Extending the Gender Role Strain Paradigm to account for U. S. males’ gun violence. Psychology of Men & Masculinities,23(2), 151-159.